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OBJECTIVE：To invest igtae the rationality of drug use of pregnant women in the outpatient department of our hospital，and to promote rational drug use in the clinic. METHODS ：The prescriptions of pregnant women in Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from Jan. to Dec. in 2019 were extracted by using hospital information management system ，and then analyzed statistically in respects of drug varieties ，DDDs，safety grading ，and use of Chinese patent medicine. RESULTS ：The most frequently used drugs in obstetric outpatients were vitamins and microelements ，followed by blood system and hormone drugs. Grade B drugs with good safety were most used ，the use of ungraded drugs were reasonable ，and grade X drugs were not used. There were 6 kinds of Chinese patent medicines used for pregnant women ，of which 2 kinds were marked “usable”in the drug instructions ，4 kinds were not marked in the dug instructions ，and the Chinese patent medicines that were not marked“prohibited”and“cautious”in the drug instructions were not used. CONCLUSIONS ：The drug use of pregnant women are generally reasonable in outpatient department of our hospital. The safety of some Chinese patent medicine used during pregnancy still needs to be further confirmed.
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OBJECTIVE:To analyze the usage and trends of medicines for hypertension in continuous membership hospital of Chinese medicine and economic information(CMEI) network during recent 5 years and offer data and evidences for the optimization of diseases control and medical insurance policy. METHODS:The medicines structure and indexes of usage amount, DDDs, annually increasing rate were analyzed and calculated. And the usage of medicines in essential medicine list and medical insurance list were compared. The top 10 of sum and DDDs in 2017 were ranked among the hospital from different regions and different levels. RESULTS:During recent 5 years, 84 generic medicines and 256 products were used in CMEI membership hospital, among which 54 generic medicines and 203 products were in the national medical insurance list, 22 generic medicines and 42 products were in the national essential medical list. The sum and DDDs proportion structure of 5 different ATC sub-class appreciably changed during 5 years. The annual increase rate of total sum and DDDs slowed down gradually. The sum and DDDs proportion of medicine in national medical insurance list and national essential medical list were decreased annually. The top 10 produces of sum and DDDs in the hospital from different regions and levels in 2017 were concentrated. The essential medicines in the top 10 rank were fewer but took the 20.01% of the sum and 24.13% of the DDDs in 2017. CONCLUSION:Due to the hierarchical diagnosis and separation medicines sales from hospital, the increase rate of sum and DDDs of medicines for hypertension in hospital slows down gradually. The essential medicine plays an important role in hypertension treatment. The national medical insurance list and national essential medicine list should be optimized according to the clinical advantage and evidence from the newer and innovated medicines.
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OBJECTIVE： To analyze the application of antibiotics in 18 community health service centers in Shanghai Chongming district， and to further strengthen rational use of antibiotics. METHODS： By retrospective analysis， statistical analysis was made on the monitoring data of antibiotic use and 21 600 prescriptions reported by 18 community health service centers in Chongming district of Shanghai from Jan. 2016 to Dec. 2018 in respect of antibiotics use， top 5 antibiotics in the list of DDDs， prescription analysis， etc. RESULTS： From 2016 to 2018， the average annual total income of medical treatment， drugs and antibiotics of 18 community health service centers in Chongming district of Shanghai were 490 499 000 yuan， 427 231 500 yuan and 41 602 900 yuan respectively. Annual average incomes of outpatient and inpatient antibiotics were 35 435 700 and 6 262 100 yuan. Annual consumption amount of antibiotics were 2 129 627.71 and 70 829.51 DDD. The proportion of antibiotics was 9.76％. Annual antibiotics use density （AUD） was 29.41 DDD. Compound annual growth rate （CAGR） was negative for antibiotics ratio （－3.27％）， outpatient antibiotics consumption amount （－18.40％）， antibiotics consumption amount for outpatient per time （－17.83％）， inpatient antibiotics consumption amourt （－1.25％） and AUD （－0.98％）. The dosage form of top 5 antibiotics in the list of DDDs within 3 years were oral preparation， among which cefuroxime， cefaclor， levofloxacin and cefpropene were all ranked in the top five in three years. In 21 600 prescriptions， average number of drug per prescriptions was 1.99， the average amount of prescription was 120 yuan， and the number of antibiotics types used accounted for 8.24％ of total drug types； 15.43％ of the prescriptions used antibiotics， the average amount of the prescriptions containing antibiotics was 114.46 yuan， and the total amount of antibiotics accounted for 8.24％ of the total amount of the prescriptions. CONCLUSIONS： The rational use of antibiotics in Chongming community health service center has been continuously improved， and can provide reference for drug management of primary hospitals.
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Objective: To investigate the application characteristics of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in 31 hospitals in Wuhan ar-ea from 2014 to 2016 to provide reference for the clinical rational use. Methods: The utilization of PPIs in 31 hospitals in Wuhan area from 2014 to 2016 was statistically analyzed by drug types and dosage form in terms of consumption sum, DDDs, DDC, and consump-tion ranking (B)/DDDs ranking (A), etc. Results: The consumption sum and DDDs of PPIs were rising year by year. As for the dos-age form, the most commonly used one was oral preparation, however, the percent of injection kept high level. Among the different PPIs, oral poptolazole and lansorazole for injection were with the fastest increase in consumption sum and DDDs, while the consumption sum and DDDs of omeprazole for injection significantly decreased. The DDDs of oral poptolazole ranked first in the continuous three years with the B/A value much higher than 1. 0. The synchronicity was good for most of PPIs and the DDC was decreasing year by year. Moreover, PPIs were dominated by domestic products except for esomeprazole. Conclusion: The use of PPIs in 31 hospitals in Wuhan area from 2014 to 2016 was basically reasonable. However, some potential irrational application in clinic may still exist. There-fore, the application monitoring for PPIs should be further strengthened to promote rational drug use in clinics.
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Objective:To investigate the current situation and trend of the utilization of antihypertensive drugs in Wuhan city. Methods:The utilization data including varieties,consumption sum and DDDs of antihypertensive drugs in 34 hospitals in Wuhan city from 2013 to 2015 were analyzed.Results:The annual consumption sum of antihypertensive drugs increased year by year,and the val-ue was 20 896.67,23 527.19 and 24 033.44 million yuan, respectively. The calcium-channel blockers (CCB), angiotensin Ⅱ re-ceptor antagonist (ARB),adrenergic receptor blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) ranked the top four in consumption sum of antihypertensive drugs. Their constituent ratio was not changed during 2013 and 2015. The consumption amount and DDDs of new compound preparations increased. Top two drugs in terms of consumption amount and DDDs were amlodipine and le-vamlodipine. Conclusion:CCB,ARB,ACEI,adrenergic receptor blockers and diuretics occupy the predominant places among all the antihypertensive drugs in Wuhan city,which is accordance with the current treatment guideline of antihypertensive drugs.
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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the application and variation trend of biological product and biochemical drugs in hospitals of Chongqing,and to provide reference for further improving rational use of this type of drugs in clinic. METHODS:By using the methods of DDDs analysis and ranking of amount of money,the data on the use of biological products and biochemical drugs collected from 34 hospitals of Chongqing during 2013-2015 were summarized and analyzed statistically. RESULTS:The consumption sum of biological products and biochemical drugs in 34 hospitals from Chongqing during 2013-2015 decreased from 828.01 million yuan to 763.70 million yuan,and their proportion decreased from 9.55% to 7.82%. The consumption sum of Thymopolypeptides injection,Deproteinised calf blood serum injection,Coenzyme complex injection,Ribonucleic acidⅡinjection and Human albumin injection ranked the top 5 places averagely within 3 years. Among them,Thymopolypeptides injection ranked the top 1 in 3 years. DDDs of Thymopolypeptides injection and Deproteinised calf blood serum injection ranked the top 3 places within 3 years,and DDDs of Thymopolypeptides injection had been declining. DDDs of Kallidinogenase injection,Coenzyme Q10 injection,Human albumin injection and Placental polypeptide injection increased year by year. B/A of Thymosin injection in 2013 and 2015 were both 1.00. B/A of Kallidinogenase injection and Coenzyme Q10 injection were far greater than 1 in 3 years;B/A of Human albumin injection and Human immunoglobulin injection were far less than 1 in 3 years,and those of Placental polypeptide injection were also less than 1. CONCLUSIONS:The consumption sum of biological products and biochemical drugs in 34 hospitals of Chongqing during 2013-2015 are in downward trend generally. The clinical application of the main varieties is basically reasonable,but the application of few varieties needs to be strengthened and chosen carefully.
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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the utilization and trend of endocrine therapeutic drugs after breast cancer surgery,and to provide reference for rational drug use in clinic. METHODS:In retrospective study,the data of endocrine therapeutic drugs use in outpatients after breast cancer in a Third Grade Class A Hospital during 2014-2016 was calculated,sorted and analyzed statistically. RESULTS:The age of outpatients receiving endocrine therapy after breast cancer ranged from ＞40 to 60. Among endocrine therapeutic drugs used within 3 years,3 kinds of them were aromatase inhibitor(AI),3 kinds were anti-estrogen and 2 kinds were gonadotropin releasing hormone(GnRH)analogues. The amount of Toremifene citrate tablets(imported)in prescription was much more than the others. The proportion of anti-estrogen drugs alone in prescription was the highest(81.11%). The AI and GnRH analogues were mostly used in drug combination prescription,and commonly combined with anti-osteoporosis drugs. The comsuption sum of endocrine therapeutic drugs was increased year by year,increasing by 52.48% in 2015,40.60% in 2016. The consumption sum of AI ranked the highest proportion among three categories of endocrine drugs(44.71%,48.62%,48.62%,each year respectively). The consumption sum of imported drugs was significantly higher than that of domestic drugs. The consumption sum of Toremifene citrate tablets(imported)increased continuously in 3 years,and took the first place in 2016. The consumption sum of Leuprorelin acetate microspheres for injection(imported)had the largest growth rate when applied to the clinic. Top types in the list of DDC were all imported types;Fulvestrant injection(imported)ranked top 1,and Tamoxifen citrate tablet(domestic) was the bottom of the list. DDDs of endocrine therapeutic drugs also increased year by year,among which Toremifene citrate tablets,Tamoxifen citrate tablets,Anastrozole tablets and Letrozol tablets ranked top 4 places during the 3 years,while Tamoxifen citrate tablets DDDs decreased year by year. B/A values of these drugs were between 0.25 and 9.00. B/A values of domestic varieties were basically more than or equal to 1,of which Tamoxifen citrate tablets was the largest;B/A values of the imported varieties were basically less than or equal to 1. CONCLUSIONS:The consumption sum of endocrine therapeutic drugs after breast cancer surgery increased year by year in 3 years,and DDDs is also increasing year by year. The imported drugs took up the dominant place. Toromiphene citrate tablets had replaced Tamoxifen citrate tablets as the first choice of endocrine therapeutic drugs in the hospital. The frequency of AI and GnRH analogues use had also increased. And the combination of 2 kinds of endocrine therapeutic drugs and endocrine therapeutic drugs combined with anti-osteoporosis drug had become a trend of clinical treatment. The choice of therapeutic drugs should take into account of effectiveness,safety,economics,cost and therapeutic efficacy,so as to guarantee the greatest benefit of the patient.
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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the utilization and trend of bisphosphonates drugs in patients with bone metastasis of breast cancer from Zhejiang province,so as to provide reference for the further promotion of their rational use. METHODS:The utilization of this type of drugs in 11 hospitals of Zhejiang province during 2010-2015 was analyzed statistically,counted and ranked by using the method of cost ranking analysis and DDDs analysis in the respect of amount,DDDs,DDC,etc. RESULTS:The amount of bisphosphonates drugs was increased steadily in 6 years(increasing greatly in 2011),increased by 96.26% in 2015,compared to 2010. Top 3 drugs in the list of amount were Zoledronic acid for injection(imported),Zoledronic acid for injection(domestic)and Pamidronate disodium for injection. Among them,Zoledronic acid for injection(imported)basically showed an upward trend,while Pamidronate disodium for injection showed decline trend. Top 3 drugs in the list of DDDs were Zoledronic acid for injection(domestic),Zoledronic acid for injection(imported)and Pamidronate disodium for injection;DDDs of Zoledronic acid for injection(domestic)and Zoledronic acid for injection(imported)were generally on the rise,while that of Pamidronate disodium for injection showed an overall downward trend. B/A value of bisphosphonates ranged 0.33-2.00,among which B/A value of Zoledronic acid for injection(domestic)was 2.00 and that of Zoledronic acid for injection(imported)was 0.50 during 2012-2015. The first and second drugs in the list of DDC were Clodronate disodium for injection and Zoledronic acid for injection(imported). CONCLUSIONS:The total amount of bisphosphonates drugs in patients with bone metastasis of breast cancer from 11 hospitals of Zhejiang province during 2010-2015 was increased steadily. Some varieties of second and third generation bisphosphonates with definite curative effect,good safety and reasonable price are dominant in clinical use. The selection and use of bisphosphonates is basically reasonable,but price is still the primary factor restricting the further wide application of some varieties.
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OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for rational use of antibiotics in clinic.METHODS:The quarterly information about the consumption of antibiotics in inpatients of our hospital during Jan.2012-Dec.2016 were collected from Center for Antibacterial Surveillance.DDDs of various antibiotics and Escherichia coli were analyzed statistically;the detection of E.coli,producing ESBLs and drug resistance during the same period were also analyzed statistically.The correlation between DDDs of antibiotics and resistance rate was investigated by Pearson test.RESULTS:During 2012-2016,DDDs of cephalosporins was the highest in inpatients of our hospital,followed by cephamicins and macrolides.Total DDDs of antibiotics showed a decreasing trend and a slight rebound in 2016.After 2013,DDDs of most antibiotics were basically same to the change of total DDDs.However,DDDs of compound preparations of penicillin and β-lactamase inhibitors,cephalomycm,carbapenems and glycopeptides showed an upward trend.In 2012,DDDs of second-generation cephalosporin was the highest among cephalosporins;since 2013,DDDs of first-generation cephalosporin was the highest in this category.Anti-E.coli drugs included piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium,ceftazidime,ceftriaxone,cefepime,cefoxitin,aztreonam,meropenem,gentamicin,levofloxacin.Among anti-E.coli drugs,DDDs of cefatriaxone was the highest in 2012,while that of cefoxitin was the highest in 2016;the consumption of aztreonam decreased most obviously.During 2012-2016,110,132,104,131,243 strains of E.coli were detected in our hospital respectively.The rate of producing ESBLs decreased to 56.6％,57.0％,50.6％,48.4％,45.0％.E.coli was highly resistant to ampicillin,cefazolin,ceftriaxone and compound sulfamethoxazole,while poorly resistant to piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium,cefoxitin,imipenem and amikacin.Resistance rate of piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium was positively correlated with DDDs of ceftriaxone,aztreonam,gentamicin,levofloxacin,cephalosporins (fast-,third-generation cephalosporins),tetracyclines,quinolones and total DDDs (r were 0.880 to 0.929,P＜0.05).Resistance rate of ceftazidime was positively correlated with DDDs of ceftriaxone,aztreonam,gentamicin,levofloxacin,cephalosporins (fast-,second-,third-generation cephalosporins),tetracyclines,quinolones and total DDDs (r were 0.888 to 0.991,P＜0.05).Resistance rate of cefepime was positively correlated with DDDs of aminoglycosides(r was 0.901,P＜0.05).Resistance rate of gentamicin was negatively correlated with DDDs of compound preparations of penicillin and β-lactamase inhibitors,cefepime (r were-0.914,-0.921,P＜0.05).Resistance rate of imipenem was negatively correlated with DDDs of ceftriaxone,aztreonam,gentamicin,levofloxacin,cephalosporins (fast-,second-,third-generation cephalosporins),aminoglycosides,tetracyclines,quinolones and total DDDs (r were-0.994 to-0.878,P＜0.05).Resistance rates of anti-E.coli drugs were all independent from their DDDs (P＞0.05).The rate of E.coli producing enzyme was positively correlated with resistance rate of gentamicin(r was 0.955,P＜0.05),while was independent from resistance rate or DDDs of other drugs (P＞0.05).CONCLUSIONS:After antibiotics special rectification,total consumption of antibiotics in inpatients of our hospital show a downward trend,and the varieties also change greatly.Although drug resistance is serious,the rate of producing enzyme is decreasing.Antibiotics should be selected carefully according to the monitoring data of bacterial resistance,drug sensitivity test results,the correlation between the consumption of antibiotics and resistance rate so as to reduce the occurrence of bacterial resistance.
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Objective To provide references for clinical rational utilization of TCM injections for activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis. Methods Retrospective analysis was used to sort and analyze in terms of species, consumption sum, DDDs and DDDc of TCM injections for activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis in Lanzhou Second People's Hospital (here in after referred to as our hospital) during 2014‐2016. Results The consumption sum of TCM injections for activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis was relatively high in the consumption sum of TCM injections (over 30％), and the type of TCM injections for activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis kept stable (up to 9‐11) in our hospital during 2014‐2016. The annual growth rate of consumption sum in 2016 (-5.42％) was significantly lower than it in 2015 (11.63％). Danshen Injection featured high selectivity and economical in the clinical application (DDDs: 12 600 in 2015, 6600 in 2016; DDDc: 32.70 in 2015, 28.46 in 2016; sorting ratio: 5.00 in 2015, 3.00 in 2016). Conclusion The clinical application of TCM injections for activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis tends to be rational in our hospital. Danshen Injection features high selectivity and economical in the clinical application. Danhong Injection features high selectivity but the poor economical.
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Objective To understand the application situation of Chinese patent medicine during 2014-2017 in Changshu No.1 People's Hospital (hereinafter referred to as "our hospital"); To provide references for clinical rational medication. Metheds The data of Chinese patent medicine used in our hospital in 2014-2017 were retrieved from our hospital HIS. The consumption sum, annual growth rate, DDDs, sorting ratio and DDDc of Chinese patent medicine were analyzed statistically according to the defined daily dose recommended by WHO. Results During 2014-2017, the consumption sums of Chinese patent medicine were 49.155 2 million yuan, 51.352 7 million yuan, 49.463 7 million yuan and 45.650 4 million yuan, respectively. The consumption sums of Chinese patent medicine of 2015, 2016 and 2017 increased by 4.47％, -3.68％ and-7.71％, respectively. The proportions of consumption sum of Chinese patent medicine in all medicines were 13.63％ in 2014, 13.36％ in 2015, 12.83％ in 2016 and 12.44％ in 2017. Of all the dosage forms of Chinese patent medicine, capsule (32.67％), injection (25.21％) and tablet (14.71％) ranked the top 3 on the list of consumption sum. Of all the single kinds of Chinese patent medicine, blood rationing medicine, heat-clearing medicine and tonifying medicine ranked the top 3 on the list of consumption sum. The blood rationing medicine, gynecologic medicine and tonifying medicine ranked the top 3 on the list of DDDs. The first varieties of single item of consumption sum were salvianolate injection, Pudilan Xiaoyan Oral Liquid and Xueshuantong Injection (freeze-dried). The first varieties of single items of DDDs were Yinxing Tongzhi Dispersible Tablet and Pudilan Xiaoyan Oral Liquid. Conclusion The use of Chinese patent medicine in our hospital is becoming more reasonable, and the role and advantages in the prevention and control of diseases are constantly emerging. However, there are still problems about irrational medication, which need to be further strengthened.
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OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the application of narcotic analgesics in the inpatients of our hospital,and to provide ref-erence for rational drug use in clinic. METHODS:The application of narcotic analgesics in the inpatients of our hospital during 2013-2016 was analyzed statistically in respects of consumption sum,DDDs,DDC and B/A. RESULTS:There were 13 kinds of narcotic analgesics in the inpatients of our hospital. Top 3 narcotic analgesics in the list of consumption sum were Fentany transder-mal patches (8.4 mg),Oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged-release tablets (20 mg) and Fentany transdermal patches (4.2 mg) in our hospital during 2013-2016. Top 2 drugs in the list of DDDs were Fentany transdermal patches(4.2 mg)and Fentany transder-mal patches (8.4 mg). DDC of Oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged-release tablets (10,20 mg) ranged 350-370 yuan,taking up first or second place. B/A of Oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged-release tablets(10,20 mg)was<0.50,those of Bucinnazine hy-drochloride injection and Compound platycodon tablets were >1.50;those of other drugs mostly ranged 0.50-1.50. CONCLU-SIONS:The consumption trend of narcotic analgesics varies rarely in our hospital during 2013-2016,and the clinical use of narcot-ic analgesics is basically rational. Morphine sustained-release tablet and Fentany transdermal patch have become the first choice for pain treatment.
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OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the current situation and trend of narcotic drugs used in our hospital,and to provide refer-ence for scientific management and rational use of narcotic drugs. METHODS:The utilization of narcotic drugs in our hospital dur-ing 2013-2015 was analyzed statistically in terms of consumption sum,DDDs,DDC and B/A,etc. RESULTS:The consumption sum of narcotic drugs in our hospital increased year by year,mainly injection. Both consumption sum and DDDs of Sufentanil ci-trate injection took up the first place during 2013-2015,Morphine hydrochloride sustained-release tablets and Fentanyl citrate injec-tion took up 2nd and 3rd place in the list of DDDs. Top 3 drugs in the list of DDC were Oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged-re-lease tablets(40 mg),Remifentanil hydrochloride for infection(2 mg)and Sufentanil citrate injection. B/A of Sufentanil citrate in-jection,Morphine hydrochloride tablets and Oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged-release tablets(10 mg)were all close to 1.0, showing good synchronization of economic and social benefits. CONCLUSIONS:The consumption sum of narcotic drugs in our hospital has increased year by year. The utilization and management of narcotic drugs is basically in line with related standard and treatment criteria,but the management of narcotic drugs still need to be strengthened in the future.
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OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the current situation and trend of narcotic drugs used in our hospital,and to provide refer-ence for scientific management and rational use of narcotic drugs. METHODS:The utilization of narcotic drugs in our hospital dur-ing 2013-2015 was analyzed statistically in terms of consumption sum,DDDs,DDC and B/A,etc. RESULTS:The consumption sum of narcotic drugs in our hospital increased year by year,mainly injection. Both consumption sum and DDDs of Sufentanil ci-trate injection took up the first place during 2013-2015,Morphine hydrochloride sustained-release tablets and Fentanyl citrate injec-tion took up 2nd and 3rd place in the list of DDDs. Top 3 drugs in the list of DDC were Oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged-re-lease tablets(40 mg),Remifentanil hydrochloride for infection(2 mg)and Sufentanil citrate injection. B/A of Sufentanil citrate in-jection,Morphine hydrochloride tablets and Oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged-release tablets(10 mg)were all close to 1.0, showing good synchronization of economic and social benefits. CONCLUSIONS:The consumption sum of narcotic drugs in our hospital has increased year by year. The utilization and management of narcotic drugs is basically in line with related standard and treatment criteria,but the management of narcotic drugs still need to be strengthened in the future.
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Objective To use in our hospital during 2012 to 2016 anti diabetic drugs were investigated in the analysis, and provide the basis for clinical treatment.MethodsThe drug collected in our hospital during 2012 to 2016 anti diabetic drug name, manufacturer, specifications, quantity, amount, amount, using Excel 2007 for data processing, calculation of DDDs (DDDs) and daily cost (DDC).ResultsFrom 2012 to 2016, the antidiabetic drugs in our hospital the total expenses increased from 12 million 311 thousand and 500 yuan to 19 million 467 thousand and 800 yuan, up 58.13% The amount of consumption.The top three anti diabetic drugs for insulin, sulfonylurea, biguanides;DDDs three for insulin, sulfonylureas, alpha glucosidase inhibitors;DDC three drugs was the highest in Epalrestat Tablets, Insulin Glargine Injection, Insulin Aspart 30 Injection.ConclusionThe treatment of diabetes in our hospital during 2012 to 2016 drug use is more reasonable, the insulin dosage, some new oral proportion is increasing.
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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the utilization of opioid analgesic drugs in a hospital,so as to provide reference for ra-tional drug use in clinic. METHODS:The utilization of opioid analgesic drugs in the hospital during 2014-2016 was analyzed and compared retrospectively in terms of consumption sum,DDDs,DDC,B/A,etc. RESULTS:Annual consumption sum of opioid an-algesic drugs in the hospital increased slightly in 2015,but decreased significantly in 2016. Fentany transdermal patches(8.4 mg), Oxycodone and acetaminophen tablets and Remifentanil hydrochloride for injection always took up the first 3 places in the list of DDDs. DDDs of Fentanyl citrate injection(0.1 mg)and Morphine sulfate sustained-release tablets increased year by year;while DDDs of Fentany transdermal patches(4.2 mg)and Fentany transdermal patches(8.4 mg)decreased year by year. DDC of all opi-oid analgesic drugs decreased in 2016,with the cancel of drug price addition at the end of 2016. B/A values of most drugs were close to 1.0;while B/A value of Oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets(40 mg)was much less than 1.0,and that of Fentany transdermal patches(8.4 mg)and Oxycodone and acetaminophen tablets were significantly more than 1.0 for consecutive 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: The variety and specifications of opioid analgesic drugs in the hospital is comprehensive during 2014-2016. The clinical utilization of opioid analgesic drugs is generally rational,but still needs to be supervised effectively and par-ticularly,so as to improve standard use of opioid andalgesic drugs.
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OBJECTIVE:To analyze the clinical application and trend of antitumor drugs in 42 hospitals from Beijing,Shang-hai and Chengdu,and to provide reference for rational drug use in clinic. METHODS:The utilization of antitumor drugs in 42 hos-pitals from Beijing,Shanghai and Chengdu during 2012-2016 was analyzed statistically in respects of consumption sum,DDDs. RESULTS:The consumption sum of antitumor drugs in 3 cities,Beijing ranked the first;annual growth rate of Shanghai was the highest. In the list of consumption sum of antitumor drugs of 3 cities in 5 years,immunosuppressive agents as tacrolimus,mycophe-nolate mofetil were among top 10 antitumor drugs in the list of consumption sum. Top 1 antitumor drug in the list of consumption sum in Beijing,Shanghai and Chengdu were thymopentin,tacrolimus and thymalfasin,respectively. Among subtype of antitumor drugs,other antitumor drugs and adjuvant drugs in Beijing and Chengdu during 2012-2014 took up the first place in the list of con-sumption sum;the consumption sum of antimetabolite during 2015-2016 occupied the first place,and that of Beijing was higher than that of Chengdu. The cost of antimetabolite in Shanghai during 2012-2016 was the highest. The consumption sum of other antitumor drugs and adjuvant drugs were the highest in 3 cities during 2012-2014;that of antimetabolite was the highest during 2015-2016. Among related drugs,immune enhancer,immunosuppressive agents and analgesics ranked the top in the list of consumption sum. Among top 10 antitumor drugs in the list of DDDs,most were antineoplastic medicine,and only cyclophosphamide among alkylat-ing agents entered the ranking. CONCLUSIONS:The growing trend of antitumor concumption sum is stable. Antimetabolite,hor-mones and plant-derived antitumor are becoming larger. Molecular targeted therapies have a good prospect for application.
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Objective: To investigate the utilization of adjuvant drugs in the secondary hospitals from Xi'an, and to provide reference for rational use of adjuvant drugs.Methods: The utilization of adjuvant drugs of the top 20-ranked drugs in 32 secondary hospitals from Xi'an during 2013 and 2015 was analyzed statistically in respects of total consumption sum of adjuvant drugs, the proportion of adjuvant drugs sum, the consumption sum, DDDs and DDC of each adjuvant drug, and adverse drug reaction.Results: The total consumption sum and the proportion of adjuvant drugs sum increased year by year from 2013 to 2015.13 kinds of adjuvant drugs were included in top 20 in the list of total consumption sum from more than 3 hospitals in three years.Danhong injection, shuxuening injection, xueshuantong injection, xueshuantong injection, xuesaitong injection, deproteinized calf blood serum injection took up the front in the list of consumption sum and DDDs in 3 years.The cases of adjuvant drugs-induced ADR increased year by year.Conclusion: At present, adjuvant drugs become the important part of clinical drug use in this area.The consumption sum and amount is increasing rapidly.Great importance should be attached to the rational administration and safety use of the adjuvant drugs to control the unreasonable increase of drug expenses.
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Objective: To investigate the utilization status of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) in 11 hospitals of Zhejiang province from 2009 to 2015, and to analyze the use rationality.Methods: The doctor's advice in 40 days annually was collected in 11 hospitals of Zhejiang province from 2009 to 2015, and the drug consumption, frequency of utilization (DDDs), defined daily cost (DDC) and drug utilization index (DUI) were analyzed for the patients with lung cancer treated with EGFR-TKI.Results: Icotinib, erlotinib and gefitinib were the three prevalent EGFR-TKIs used in Zhejiang province, and icotinib started to be used in clinics in 2013.The overall cost of EGFR-TKIs increased year by year during 2009 and 2015, and the total amount of sales increased by 4.67 times in 2015 when compared with that in 2009.Generally, the DDDs value of erlotinib showed a decreasing trend, however, that of icotinib and gefitinib rose year by year during 2009 and 2015.Erlotinib had the highest DDC followed by gefitinib and icotinib.The mean value of DUI of the three targeted drugs was about 1.Conclusion: The utilization of EGFR-TKI is reasonable in 11 hospitals of Zhejiang province with increasing comsuption.
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Objective: To investigate the application and tendency of carbapenems in the hospitals of Wuhan area.Methods: The application of carbapenems in 34 hospitals of Wuhan area during 2007-2014 was analyzed statistically in terms of consumption sum, DDDs, DDC and so on.Results: The total consumption sum of carbapenems increased year by year.Compared with that in 2007, the total consumption sum increased by 4-fold in 2014.The growing rate of total consumption sum of biapenem was the fastest among various varieties.Since 2009, three injections including meropenem, biapenem and imipenem / cilastatin predominated the market of Wuhan area, followed by faropenem with oral administration.The changing trend of DDDs was basically consistent with the total consumption sum.DDC of all the drugs was relatively high and demonstrated decreasing tendency, and that of biapenem decreased most notably, while still ranked the first place.DDC of meropenem and imipenem/cilastatin both exceeded 400 yuan.The price of faropenem fluctuated notably during 2007-2009, while increased by 2-fold in 2009 (453 yuan) and then remained stable.Conclusion: The special rectification measures show positive impact on the selection of antimicrobial agents in Wuhan area.The drug varieties are proper, while the average daily cost is still high.The government should continue to strengthen the management of antibiotics to ensure the rational use of carbapenems.